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An amphora (English plural: amphorae or amphoras) is a type of container of a characteristic shape and size, descending from at least as early as the Neolithic Period. Amphorae were used in vast numbers for the transport and storage of various products, both liquid and dry, but mostly for wine. It is most often ceramic, but examples in metals and other materials have been found.<br/><br/> Stoppers of perishable materials, which have rarely survived, were used to seal the contents. Two principal types of amphorae existed: the neck amphora, in which the neck and body meet at a sharp angle; and the one-piece amphora, in which the neck and body form a continuous curve. Neck amphorae were commonly used in the early history of ancient Greece, but were gradually replaced by the one-piece type from around the 7th century BCE.
In the pottery of ancient Greece, a <i>kylix</i> is the most common type of wine-drinking cup. It has a broad, relatively shallow, body raised on a stem from a foot and usually two horizontal handles disposed symmetrically. The main alternative wine-cup shape was the <i>kantharos</i>, with a narrower and deeper cup and high vertical handles.
A servant of the royal Achaemenid court at Persepolis is shown carrying a covered vessel to the New Year's festival banquet. His clothing distinguishes him as a Mede. <br/><br/> The Medes had dominated the Persian region until overthrown by the Achaemenids in 550 BC. The Achaemenids became the ruling dynasty of Persia until 330 BC, when they were defeated by Alexander the Great. <br/><br/> This bas relief was probably part of a sculptural procession decorating the inner wall of the western staircase of the palace of King Darius I (r. 521-486 BCE)., A servant of the royal Achaemenid court at Persepolis is shown carrying a covered vessel to the New Year's festival banquet. His clothing distinguishes him as a Mede. <br/><br/> The Medes had dominated the Persian region until overthrown by the Achaemenids in 550 BC. The Achaemenids became the ruling dynasty of Persia until 330 BC, when they were defeated by Alexander the Great. <br/><br/> This bas relief was probably part of a sculptural procession decorating the inner wall of the western staircase of the palace of King Darius I (r. 521-486 BCE).
Taungthaman, near the Irrawaddy River within the walls of the 18th century capital, Amarapura, was occupied from the late Neolithic through the early iron age, around the middle of the first millennium BCE.<br/><br/> Small trades, barters as well as Animism had already begun in this age.
Taungthaman, near the Irrawaddy River within the walls of the 18th century capital, Amarapura, was occupied from the late Neolithic through the early iron age, around the middle of the first millennium BCE.<br/><br/> Small trades, barters as well as Animism had already begun in this age.
Cuneiform script is one of the earliest known forms of written expression. Emerging in Sumer around the 30th century BCE, with predecessors reaching into the late 4th millennium (the Uruk IV period), cuneiform writing began as a system of pictographs. In the three millennia the script spanned, the pictorial representations became simplified and more abstract as the number of characters in use also grew gradually smaller, from about 1,000 distinct characters in the Early Bronze Age to about 400 distinct characters in Late Bronze Age (Hittite cuneiform).<br/><br/> The original Sumerian script was adapted for the writing of the Akkadian, Eblaite, Elamite, Hittite, Luwian, Hattic, Hurrian, and Urartian languages, and it inspired the Ugaritic and Old Persian alphabets. Cuneiform writing was gradually replaced by the Phoenician alphabet during the Neo-Assyrian Empire, and by the 2nd century CE, the script had become extinct.<br/><br/> Cuneiform documents were written on clay tablets, by means of a blunt reed for a stylus. The impressions left by the stylus were wedge shaped, thus giving rise to the name cuneiform ('wedge shaped', from the Latin cuneus, meaning 'wedge').
The earliest stone-built tombs which can be called 'beehive', are in Oman, built of stacked flat stones which occur in nearby geological formations. They date to between 3,500 and 2,500 years BC, to a period when the Arabian peninsula was subject to much more rainfall than now, and supported a flourishing civilisation in what is now desert, to the west of the mountain range along the Gulf of Oman.<br/><br/> No burial remains have ever been retrieved from these 'tombs', though there seems no other purpose for their building. They are built entirely above ground level and the entrances are usually an undifferentiated part of the circular walling of the tomb.
Đông Sơn was a prehistoric Bronze Age culture in Vietnam centered on the Red River Valley of northern Vietnam. At this time the first Vietnamese kingdoms of Văn Lang and Âu Lạc appeared. Its influence flourished in other neighbouring parts of Southeast Asia from about 500 BCE to 100 CE.